Republic of Turkey Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (Turkish) | |
|---|---|
 | |
.svg) | |
| Capital | Ankara 39°N 35°E / 39°N 35°ECoordinates: 39°N 35°E / 39°N 35°E |
| Largest city | Istanbul 41°1′N 28°57′E / 41.017°N 28.950°E |
| Official languages | Turkish[1][2] |
| Spoken languages[3] |
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| Ethnic groups |
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| Demonym(s) |
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| Government | Unitary presidential constitutional republic |
| Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | |
| Fuat Oktay | |
| Mustafa Şentop | |
| Legislature | Grand National Assembly |
| Establishment | |
| 19 May 1919 | |
| 23 April 1920 | |
| 24 July 1923 | |
| 29 October 1923 | |
| 9 November 1982[4] | |
| Area | |
• Total | 783,356 km2 (302,455 sq mi) (36th) |
• Water (%) | 2.03 (as of 2015)[5] |
| Population | |
• 31-12-2020 estimate |  83,614,362[6] (19th) |
• Density | 109[6]/km2 (282.3/sq mi) (107th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2020 estimate |
• Total |  $2.382 trillion[7] (13th) |
• Per capita | $28,294[7] (48th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total |  $649.436 billion[7] (20th) |
• Per capita | $7,715[7] (73rd) |
| Gini (2017) |  43.0[8]medium · 56th |
| HDI (2019) | 0.820[9] very high · 54th |
| Currency | Turkish lira (₺) (TRY) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy (CE) |
| Mains electricity | 230 V–50 Hz |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +90 |
| ISO 3166 code | TR |
| Internet TLD | .tr |
Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey, is a transcontinental country straddling Southeastern Europe and Western Asia. It is bordered on its northwest by Greece and Bulgaria; north by the Black Sea; northeast by Georgia; east by Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran; southeast by Iraq; south by Syria and the Mediterranean Sea; and west by the Aegean Sea. Istanbul, which straddles Europe and Asia, is the country's largest city, while Ankara is the capital. Approximately 70 to 80 percent of the country's citizens are ethnic Turks, while the largest minority are Kurds at 20 percent.