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Republic of the Philippines

Republika ng Pilipinas  (Filipino)
Motto: 
"Maka-Diyos, Maka-Tao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa"[1]
"For God, People, Nature and Country"
Anthem: Lupang Hinirang
(English: "Chosen Land")
Great Seal
Great Seal of the Philippines
Dakilang Sagisag ng Pilipinas  (Filipino)
Great Seal of the Philippines
PHL orthographic.svg
Location Philippines ASEAN.svg
Location of the Philippines (green)

– in Asia (light green & dark grey)
– in ASEAN (light green)

CapitalManilaa
14°35′N 120°58′E / 14.583°N 120.967°E / 14.583; 120.967
Largest cityQuezon City
14°38′N 121°02′E / 14.633°N 121.033°E / 14.633; 121.033
Official languages
Recognized regional languages
Protected auxiliary languages
Other recognized languagesOfficial and national sign languageb
Filipino Sign Language
Ethnic groups
(2015)
Religion
Demonym(s)Filipino
(masculine or neutral)
Filipina
(feminine)
Pinoy
(colloquial masculine or neutral)
Pinay
(colloquial feminine)
Philippine
GovernmentUnitary presidential constitutional republic
• President
Rodrigo Duterte
Maria Leonor Robredo
Vicente Sotto III
Alan Peter Cayetano
Diosdado Peralta
LegislatureCongress
Senate
House of Representatives
Formation of the republic 
June 12, 1898
• Treaty of Paris (1898) / Spanish cessiond
December 10, 1898
January 21, 1899
March 24, 1934
May 14, 1935
July 4, 1946
February 2, 1987
Area
• Total
300,000[6][7] km2 (120,000 sq mi) (72nd)
• Water (%)
0.61[8] (inland waters)
• Land
298,170
Population
• 2015 census
100,981,437[9] (13th)
• Density
336/km2 (870.2/sq mi) (47th)
GDP (PPP)2020 estimate
• Total
$1.110 trillion[10] (27th)
• Per capita
$10,094[10] (112th (2019))
GDP (nominal)2020 estimate
• Total
$383 billion[10] (32nd)
• Per capita
$3,484[10] (125th (2019))
Gini (2015)Positive decrease 44.4[11]
medium · 44th
HDI (2018)Increase 0.712[12]
high · 106th
CurrencyPeso (₱) (PHP)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+8 (not observed)
Date format
  • mm-dd-yyyy
  • dd-mm-yyyy (AD)
Driving sideright,[13] formerly left before 1947/1948
Calling code+63
ISO 3166 codePH
Internet TLD.ph
  1. ^ While Manila proper is designated as the nation's capital, the whole of National Capital Region (NCR) is designated as seat of government, hence the name of a region. This is because it has many national government institutions aside from Malacañang Palace and some agencies/institutions that are located within the capital city.[14]
  2. ^ Article 3 of Republic Act No. 11106 declared the Filipino Sign Language as the national sign language of the Philippines, specifying that it shall be recognized, supported and promoted as the medium of official communication in all transactions involving the deaf, and as the language of instruction of deaf education.[15][16]
  3. ^ The 1987 Philippine constitution specifies "Spanish and Arabic shall be promoted on a voluntary and optional basis."[17]
  4. ^ Filipino revolutionaries declared independence from Spain on June 12, 1898, but Spain ceded the islands to the United States for $20 million in the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898, which eventually led to the Philippine–American War.
  5. ^ The United States of America recognized the independence of the Philippines on July 4, 1946, through the Treaty of Manila.[18] This date was chosen because it corresponds to the U.S. Independence Day, which was observed in the Philippines as Independence Day until May 12, 1962, when President Diosdado Macapagal issued Presidential Proclamation No. 28, shifting it to June 12, the date of Emilio Aguinaldo's proclamation.[19]
  6. ^ In accordance with article 11 of the Revolutionary Government Decree of June 23, 1898, the Malolos Congress selected a commission to draw up a draft constitution on September 17, 1898. The commission was composed of Hipólito Magsalin, Basilio Teodoro, José Albert, Joaquín González, Gregorio Araneta, Pablo Ocampo, Aguedo Velarde, Higinio Benitez, Tomás del Rosario, José Alejandrino, Alberto Barretto, José Ma. de la Viña, José Luna, Antonio Luna, Mariano Abella, Juan Manday, Felipe Calderón, Arsenio Cruz and Felipe Buencamino.[20] They were all wealthy and well educated.[21]

Philippines

The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Situated in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of about 7,641 islands that are broadly categorized under three main geographical divisions from north to south: Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. The capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City, both part of Metro Manila. Bounded by the South China Sea on the west, the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest, the Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north, Japan to the northeast, Vietnam to the west, Palau to the east, and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south.

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