Protection & Enforcement of IPRs in Kazakhstan
Republic of Kazakhstan | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: Менің Қазақстаным (Kazakh) Menıñ Qazaqstanym "My Kazakhstan" | |
.svg) | |
| Capital | Astana 51°10′N 71°26′E / 51.167°N 71.433°E |
| Largest city | Almaty 43°16′39″N 76°53′45″E / 43.27750°N 76.89583°E |
| Official languages | |
| Recognised minority languages[2] | |
| Ethnic groups (2021)[3] | |
| Religion (2021)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Kazakhstani[b] |
| Government | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic |
| Kassym-Jomart Tokayev | |
| Älihan Smaiylov | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| Majilis | |
| Formation | |
| 1465 | |
| 13 December 1917 | |
| 26 August 1920 | |
| 19 June 1925 | |
| 5 December 1936 | |
• Declaration of sovereignty | 25 October 1990 |
• Reconstituted as the Republic of Kazakhstan | 10 December 1991 |
• Independence from USSR | 16 December 1991 |
| 21 December 1991 | |
| 26 December 1991 | |
| 2 March 1992 | |
| 30 August 1995 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,724,900 km2 (1,052,100 sq mi) (9th) |
• Water (%) | 1.7 |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 19,398,331[5] (64th) |
• Density | 7/km2 (18.1/sq mi) (236th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2020 estimate |
• Total |  $569.813 billion[6] (41st) |
• Per capita | $30,178[6] (53rd) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $179.332 billion[6] (55th) |
• Per capita | $9,686[6] (69th) |
| Gini (2017) |  27.5[7]low |
| HDI (2019) | 0.825[8] very high · 51st |
| Currency | Tenge (₸) (KZT) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 / +6 (West / East) |
| Date format | yyyy.dd.mm[c] |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +7-6xx, +7-7xx |
| ISO 3166 code | KZ |
| Internet TLD | |
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbekistan to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southwest, with a coastline along the Caspian Sea. Its capital is Astana, known as Nur-Sultan from 2019 to 2022. Almaty, Kazakhstan's largest city, was the country's capital until 1997. Kazakhstan is the world's largest landlocked country, the largest and northernmost Muslim-majority country by land area, and the ninth-largest country in the world. It has a population of 19 million people, and one of the lowest population densities in the world, at fewer than 6 people per square kilometre.