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Italian Republic

Repubblica Italiana  (Italian)
Anthem: Il Canto degli Italiani  (Italian)
"The Song of the Italians"
EU-Italy (orthographic projection).svg
EU-Italy.svg
Location of Italy (dark green)

– in Europe (light green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (light green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Rome
41°54′N 12°29′E / 41.900°N 12.483°E / 41.900; 12.483
Official languagesItaliana
Native languagesSee full list
Ethnic groups
(2017)[1]
Religion
(2012)[2]
Demonym(s)Italian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary
constitutional republic
• President
Sergio Mattarella
Giuseppe Conte
Elisabetta Casellati
Roberto Fico
LegislatureParliament
Senate of the Republic
Chamber of Deputies
Formation
17 March 1861
• Republic
2 June 1946
1 January 1948
• Founded the EEC (now EU)
1 January 1958
Area
• Total
301,340 km2 (116,350 sq mi) (71st)
• Water (%)
2.4
Population
• 2020 estimate
Decrease 60,317,116[3] (23rd)
• 2011 census
Increase 59,433,744[4]
• Density
201.3/km2 (521.4/sq mi) (63rd)
GDP (PPP)2019 estimate
• Total
Steady $2.443 trillion[5] (12th)
• Per capita
Steady $40,470[5] (33rd)
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
Steady $1.989 trillion[5] (8th)
• Per capita
Steady $32,947[5] (25th)
Gini (2018)Positive decrease 33.4[6]
medium
HDI (2018)Increase 0.883[7]
very high · 29th
CurrencyEuro (€)b (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
yyyy-mm-dd (AD)[8]
Driving sideright
Calling code+39c
ISO 3166 codeIT
Internet TLD.itd
  1. German is co-official in South Tyrol; French is co-official in the Aosta Valley; Slovene is co-official in the province of Trieste and the province of Gorizia; Ladin is co-official in South Tyrol, in Trentino and in other northern areas; Sardinian is co-official in Sardinia.[9]
  2. Before 2002, the Italian lira. The euro is accepted in Campione d'Italia but its official currency is the Swiss franc.[10]
  3. To call Campione d'Italia, it is necessary to use the Swiss code +41.
  4. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.

Italy

Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country consisting of a peninsula delimited by the Alps and surrounded by several islands. Italy is located in south-central Europe, and is considered part of western Europe. A unitary parliamentary republic with Rome as its capital, the country covers a total area of 301,340 km2 (116,350 sq mi) and shares land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, and the enclaved microstates of Vatican City and San Marino. Italy has a territorial enclave in Switzerland (Campione) and a maritime exclave in Tunisian waters (Lampedusa). With around 60 million inhabitants, Italy is the third-most populous member state of the European Union.

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