Canada | |
|---|---|
Anthem: "O Canada" | |
 | |
| Capital | Ottawa 45°24′N 75°40′W / 45.400°N 75.667°W |
| Largest city | Toronto |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2016)[2] | List of ethnicities
|
| Religion (2011)[3] | List of religions
|
| Demonym(s) | Canadian |
| Government | Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy[4] |
• Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Julie Payette | |
| Justin Trudeau | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| House of Commons | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
| July 1, 1867 | |
| December 11, 1931 | |
| April 17, 1982 | |
| Area | |
• Total area | 9,984,670 km2 (3,855,100 sq mi) (2nd) |
• Water (%) | 11.76 (as of 2015)[5] |
• Total land area | 9,093,507 km2 (3,511,023 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Q3 2020 estimate | 38,005,238[6] (38th) |
• 2016 census | 35,151,728[7] |
• Density | 3.92/km2 (10.2/sq mi) (228th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2020 estimate |
• Total |  $1.971 trillion[8] (16th) |
• Per capita | $52,144[8] (21st) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $1.812 trillion[8] (10th) |
• Per capita | $47,931[8] (17th) |
| Gini (2017) |  31.0[9]medium |
| HDI (2018) | 0.922[10] very high · 13th |
| Currency | Canadian dollar ($) (CAD) |
| Time zone | UTC−3.5 to −8 |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−2.5 to −7 |
| Date format | yyyy-mm-dd (AD)[11] |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +1 |
| Internet TLD | .ca |
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Canada
Canada is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres, making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching 8,891 kilometres (5,525 mi), is the world's longest bi-national land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.