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Principality of Andorra[1]

Principat d'Andorra  (Catalan)a[1]
Motto: Virtus Unita Fortior
"United virtue is stronger"[2]
Anthem: El Gran Carlemany  (Catalan)
"The Great Charlemagne"
Location of Andorra (centre of green circle) in Europe (dark grey)  –  [Legend]
Location of Andorra (centre of green circle)

in Europe (dark grey)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Andorra la Vella
42°30′N 1°31′E / 42.500°N 1.517°E / 42.500; 1.517Coordinates: 42°30′N 1°31′E / 42.500°N 1.517°E / 42.500; 1.517
Official languagesCatalan[1]b
Ethnic groups
(2017[3])
  • 48.8% Andorran
  • 25.1% Spanish
  • 12% Portuguese
  • 4.4% French
  • 9.7% others
Religion
Roman Catholicism[4][5]
Demonym(s)Andorran
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary semi-elective diarchy
Xavier Espot Zamora
Roser Suñé Pascuet
LegislatureGeneral Council
Independence
• from Aragon
8 September 1278[6][7]
• from the French Empire
1814
2 February 1993
Area
• Total
467.63 km2 (180.55 sq mi) (178th)
• Water (%)
0.26 (121.4 ha)c
Population
• 2020 estimate
Increase 77,543[8] (203rd)
• Density
179.8/km2 (465.7/sq mi) (71st)
GDP (nominal)2018 estimate
• Total
$3.237 billion[9]
• Per capita
$42,035
Gini (2003)27.21d
low
HDI (2019)Increase 0.868[10]
very high · 36th
CurrencyEuro (€)e (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+01 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+02 (CEST)
Driving sideright[11]
Calling code+376
ISO 3166 codeAD
Internet TLD.adf
  1. Constitution of Andorra. In Spanish and Portuguese: Principado de Andorra, in French: Principauté d'Andorre.
  2. Spanish, Portuguese and French are spoken by a significant minority
  3. (in French) Girard P & Gomez P (2009), Lacs des Pyrénées: Andorre.[12]
  4. Informe sobre l'estat de la pobresa i la desigualtat al Principal d'Andorra (2003)[13]
  5. Before 1999, the French franc and Spanish peseta; the coins and notes of both currencies, however, remained legal tender until 2002. Small amounts of Andorran diners (divided into 100 centim) were minted after 1982.
  6. Also .cat, shared with Catalan-speaking territories.

Andorra

Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra, is a sovereign landlocked microstate on the Iberian Peninsula, in the eastern Pyrenees, bordered by France to the north and Spain to the south. Believed to have been created by Charlemagne, Andorra was ruled by the count of Urgell until 988, when it was transferred to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell. The present principality was formed by a charter in 1278. It is known as a principality as it is a diarchy headed by two princes: the Bishop of Urgell in Catalonia, Spain, and the President of the French Republic.

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